{"id":21707,"date":"2026-02-16T09:16:47","date_gmt":"2026-02-16T09:16:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/?p=21707"},"modified":"2026-04-28T14:15:08","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T14:15:08","slug":"espece-en-vedette-ancolie-du-canada-aquilegia-canadensis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/espece-en-vedette-ancolie-du-canada-aquilegia-canadensis\/","title":{"rendered":"Esp\u00e8ce en vedette : Ancolie du Canada (Aquilegia canadensis)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Esp\u00e8ce en vedette : Ancolie du Canada (Aquilegia canadensis)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ce blogue invit\u00e9 fait partie d\u2019une s\u00e9rie d\u2019articles r\u00e9dig\u00e9s par des \u00e9tudiant\u00b7es de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Mount Allison, dans le cadre d\u2019un partenariat entre Nature NB et le cours \u00ab Applied Native Plants and Pollinator Conservation \u00bb (Plantes indig\u00e8nes appliqu\u00e9es et conservation des pollinisateurs)<\/a>. Merci \u00e0 la Dr. Emily Austen et aux \u00e9tudiants pour cette collaboration continue!<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par Zo\u00e9 Rush<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ancolie du Canada par Dan Vickers (2008) iNaturalist CC-BY \/ Addition de l’\u00e9tiquette<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Au printemps, lorsque vous commencez \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce que vous allez planter dans votre jardin, pensez \u00e0 int\u00e9grer des plantes indig\u00e8nes. Aquilegia canadensis<\/em>, plus commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9e ancolie du Canada, est une plante \u00e0 fleurs originaire du Nouveau-Brunswick. En plus d’\u00eatre une plante indig\u00e8ne, elle poss\u00e8de diverses caract\u00e9ristiques qui en font un excellent ajout \u00e0 votre cour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ces ancolies rouges sont principalement pollinis\u00e9es par les colibris et les bourdons, ce qui a consid\u00e9rablement influenc\u00e9 leur apparence [3]. Les esp\u00e8ces d’ancolies nord-am\u00e9ricaines diff\u00e8rent consid\u00e9rablement de celles d’Europe, ce qui permet de d\u00e9terminer facilement si elles sont indig\u00e8nes ou non. Comme il n’y a pas de colibris et peu de sphinx en Europe, la longueur de l’\u00e9peron nectarif\u00e8re des ancolies d’Am\u00e9rique du Nord a \u00e9volu\u00e9 pour devenir plus longue en raison de la pr\u00e9sence de ces pollinisateurs [1]. L’\u00e9peron nectarif\u00e8re, visible sur la photo de gauche, est l’endroit o\u00f9 le nectar est produit et stock\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si vous souhaitez identifier cette esp\u00e8ce parmi les autres ancolies d’Am\u00e9rique du Nord, elles poss\u00e8dent un identifiant unique qui permet de les diff\u00e9rencier facilement. Contrairement aux autres esp\u00e8ces, l’ancolie du Canada a des fleurs qui sont tourn\u00e9es vers le bas plut\u00f4t que vers le haut [2].<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Cette esp\u00e8ce de plante se trouve le plus souvent dans les zones rocheuses et les zones bois\u00e9es plus s\u00e8ches de l’est et du centre de l’Am\u00e9rique du Nord [4]. Ses cinq p\u00e9tales ext\u00e9rieurs rouge vif et ses extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s jaunes se distinguent de leur environnement et apportent une touche de couleur [3]. C’est une plante vivace qui fleurit \u00e0 la fin du printemps. Les ancolies du Canada ont plus de chances de se ressemer \u00e0 partir des fleurs au d\u00e9but de la saison de floraison, car c’est \u00e0 ce moment-l\u00e0 que les graines sont les plus viables. Cela peut s’expliquer par des facteurs tels que l’humidit\u00e9 du sol et la luminosit\u00e9, qui diminuent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement au fur et \u00e0 mesure que l’\u00e9t\u00e9 avance [5,6].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une caract\u00e9ristique int\u00e9ressante de l’ancolie du Canada est qu’elle s’autopollinise souvent. Dans les populations sauvages, on a constat\u00e9 que les ancolies rouges recouraient \u00e0 l’autopollinisation dans jusqu’\u00e0 76 % de leur production de graines. Cela est inhabituel pour la plupart des plantes \u00e0 fleurs, mais cette esp\u00e8ce parvient \u00e0 conserver des caract\u00e9ristiques que la plupart perdraient en raison de l’autopollinisation, ce qui lui permet de continuer \u00e0 prosp\u00e9rer [6].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ces plantes seraient un excellent ajout \u00e0 tout jardin, avec leurs jolies fleurs rouges et leur capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 attirer les colibris. Les graines d’ancolie du Canada peuvent \u00eatre achet\u00e9es en ligne aupr\u00e8s de divers sites, notamment West Coast Seeds, Annapolis Seeds et Northern Wildflowers. De plus, si vous en trouvez une dans la nature, n’h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 la signaler sur iNaturalist. Votre observation sera alors ajout\u00e9e au projet sur les plantes indig\u00e8nes de Nature NB, qui recueille des identifications afin de mieux comprendre la biodiversit\u00e9 des plantes indig\u00e8nes du Nouveau-Brunswick.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Ancolie du Canada par Nathan Aaron (2023) iNaturalist CC-BY <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Le projet iNaturalist de Nature NB sur les plantes indig\u00e8nes<\/strong><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Club Gardien\u00b7nes des semences<\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9f\u00e9rences:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] Macior, L. W. (1966). Foraging Behavior of Bombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Relation to Aquilegia Pollination. American Journal of Botany, 53(3), 302\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/j.1537-2197.1966.tb07340.x<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] Whittall, J. B., & Hodges, S. A. (2007). Pollinator shifts drive increasingly long nectar spurs in columbine flowers. Nature, 447(7145), 706\u2013709. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature05857<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3] Payson, E. (1918). THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF AQUILEGIA. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, 20(4). https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/23492230.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4] Herlihy, C. R., & Eckert, C. G. (2005). Evolution of self-fertilization at geographical range margins? A comparison of demographic, floral, and mating system variables in central vs. peripheral populations of Aquilegia canadensis (Ranunculaceae). American Journal of Botany, 92(4), 744\u2013751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3732\/ajb.92.4.744<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5] Kliber, A., & Eckert, C. G. (2004). Sequential decline in allocation among flowers within inflorescences: proximate mechanisms and adaptive significance. Ecology, 85(6), 1675\u20131687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1890\/03-0477<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6] Eckert, C. G., & Herlihy, C. R. (2004). Using a cost-benefit approach to understand the evolution of self-fertilization in plants: the perplexing case of Aquilegia canadensis (Ranunculaceae). Plant Species Biology, 19(3), 159\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-1984.2004.00112.x<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Au printemps, lorsque vous commencez \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce que vous allez planter dans votre jardin, pensez \u00e0 int\u00e9grer des plantes indig\u00e8nes. Aquilegia canadensis, plus commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9e ancolie du Canada, est une plante \u00e0 fleurs originaire du Nouveau-Brunswick. En plus d’\u00eatre une plante indig\u00e8ne, elle poss\u00e8de diverses caract\u00e9ristiques qui en font un excellent ajout \u00e0 votre jardin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21703,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[814],"tags":[723,242,696,773],"class_list":["post-21707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article-invite","tag-club-gardiens-des-semences","tag-nature-nb-fr","tag-plantes-indigenes","tag-pollinisateurs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEsp\u00e8ce en vedette : Ancolie du Canada (Aquilegia canadensis) - Nature NB<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/espece-en-vedette-ancolie-du-canada-aquilegia-canadensis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Esp\u00e8ce en vedette : Ancolie du Canada (Aquilegia canadensis) - Nature NB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Au printemps, lorsque vous commencez \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce que vous allez planter dans votre jardin, pensez \u00e0 int\u00e9grer des plantes indig\u00e8nes. 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Aquilegia canadensis, plus commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9e ancolie du Canada, est une plante \u00e0 fleurs originaire du Nouveau-Brunswick. En plus d'\u00eatre une plante indig\u00e8ne, elle poss\u00e8de diverses caract\u00e9ristiques qui en font un excellent ajout \u00e0…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21707","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21707"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21707\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22216,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21707\/revisions\/22216"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21707"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21707"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.naturenb.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21707"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}